Git 使用 GPG 对提交进行签名认证

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102

gpg (GnuPG) 2.2.34
libgcrypt 1.9.4
Copyright (C) 2022 g10 Code GmbH
License GNU GPL-3.0-or-later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Home: ~/.gnupg
Supported algorithms:
Pubkey: RSA, ELG, DSA, ECDH, ECDSA, EDDSA
Cipher: IDEA, 3DES, CAST5, BLOWFISH, AES, AES192, AES256, TWOFISH,
        CAMELLIA128, CAMELLIA192, CAMELLIA256
Hash: SHA1, RIPEMD160, SHA256, SHA384, SHA512, SHA224
Compression: Uncompressed, ZIP, ZLIB, BZIP2

Syntax: gpg [options] [files]
Sign, check, encrypt or decrypt
Default operation depends on the input data

Commands:
 
 -s, --sign                         make a signature
     --clear-sign                   make a clear text signature
 -b, --detach-sign                  make a detached signature
 -e, --encrypt                      encrypt data
 -c, --symmetric                    encryption only with symmetric cipher
 -d, --decrypt                      decrypt data (default)
     --verify                       verify a signature
 -k, --list-keys                    list keys
     --list-signatures              list keys and signatures
     --check-signatures             list and check key signatures
     --fingerprint                  list keys and fingerprints
 -K, --list-secret-keys             list secret keys
     --generate-key                 generate a new key pair
     --quick-generate-key           quickly generate a new key pair
     --quick-add-uid                quickly add a new user-id
     --quick-revoke-uid             quickly revoke a user-id
     --quick-set-expire             quickly set a new expiration date
     --full-generate-key            full featured key pair generation
     --generate-revocation          generate a revocation certificate
     --delete-keys                  remove keys from the public keyring
     --delete-secret-keys           remove keys from the secret keyring
     --quick-sign-key               quickly sign a key
     --quick-lsign-key              quickly sign a key locally
     --quick-revoke-sig             quickly revoke a key signature
     --sign-key                     sign a key
     --lsign-key                    sign a key locally
     --edit-key                     sign or edit a key
     --change-passphrase            change a passphrase
     --export                       export keys
     --send-keys                    export keys to a keyserver
     --receive-keys                 import keys from a keyserver
     --search-keys                  search for keys on a keyserver
     --refresh-keys                 update all keys from a keyserver
     --import                       import/merge keys
     --card-status                  print the card status
     --edit-card                    change data on a card
     --change-pin                   change a card's PIN
     --update-trustdb               update the trust database
     --print-md                     print message digests
     --server                       run in server mode
     --tofu-policy VALUE            set the TOFU policy for a key

Options controlling the diagnostic output:
 -v, --verbose                      verbose
 -q, --quiet                        be somewhat more quiet
     --options FILE                 read options from FILE
     --log-file FILE                write server mode logs to FILE

Options controlling the configuration:
     --default-key NAME             use NAME as default secret key
     --encrypt-to NAME              encrypt to user ID NAME as well
     --group SPEC                   set up email aliases
     --openpgp                      use strict OpenPGP behavior
 -n, --dry-run                      do not make any changes
 -i, --interactive                  prompt before overwriting

Options controlling the output:
 -a, --armor                        create ascii armored output
 -o, --output FILE                  write output to FILE
     --textmode                     use canonical text mode
 -z N                               set compress level to N (0 disables)

Options controlling key import and export:
     --auto-key-locate MECHANISMS   use MECHANISMS to locate keys by mail address
     --disable-dirmngr              disable all access to the dirmngr

Options to specify keys:
 -r, --recipient USER-ID            encrypt for USER-ID
 -u, --local-user USER-ID           use USER-ID to sign or decrypt

(See the man page for a complete listing of all commands and options)

Examples:

 -se -r Bob [file]          sign and encrypt for user Bob
 --clear-sign [file]        make a clear text signature
 --detach-sign [file]       make a detached signature
 --list-keys [names]        show keys
 --fingerprint [names]      show fingerprints

Please report bugs to <https://bugs.gnupg.org>.

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

gpg> help
quit        quit this menu
save        save and quit
help        show this help
fpr         show key fingerprint
grip        show the keygrip
list        list key and user IDs
uid         select user ID N
key         select subkey N
check       check signatures
sign        sign selected user IDs [* see below for related commands]
lsign       sign selected user IDs locally
tsign       sign selected user IDs with a trust signature
nrsign      sign selected user IDs with a non-revocable signature
deluid      delete selected user IDs
delkey      delete selected subkeys
delsig      delete signatures from the selected user IDs
pref        list preferences (expert)
showpref    list preferences (verbose)
trust       change the ownertrust
revsig      revoke signatures on the selected user IDs
enable      enable key
disable     disable key
showphoto   show selected photo IDs
clean       compact unusable user IDs and remove unusable signatures from key
minimize    compact unusable user IDs and remove all signatures from key

* The 'sign' command may be prefixed with an 'l' for local signatures (lsign),
  a 't' for trust signatures (tsign), an 'nr' for non-revocable signatures
  (nrsign), or any combination thereof (ltsign, tnrsign, etc.).

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

-----------------------------------
sec   rsa4096/325ACD1FD3B6AA80 2022-03-07 [SC] [expires: 2024-03-06]
      1F11E9A019E23C53C11C8D4C325ACD1FD3B6AA80
uid                 [ultimate] xwi88 <278810732@qq.com>

sec   rsa4096/FE47519758053257 2022-03-09 [SC] [expires: 2024-03-08]
      F09FC9FB34FA457ED2F7090AFE47519758053257
uid                 [ultimate] tmp_gpg <278810732@qq.com>

1
2
3
4
5

-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

1

output: gpg: sending key 90684042688CB9BE to hkps://keyserver.ubuntu.com

1
2
3
4
5

# global config
git config --global user.signingkey 325ACD1FD3B6AA80

# configure your Git client to sign commits by default for a local repository, in Git versions 2.0.0 and above
git config --global commit.gpgsign true

1
2
3
4
5

# sign a tag
git tag -s my_tag

# verify your signed tag 
git tag -v my_tag

1
2
3
4

commit e39e0920b68648b0751b7f91fffdd07080391945 (HEAD -> main, origin/main, origin/HEAD)
gpg: Signature made Thu Mar 10 00:19:37 2022 CST
gpg:                using RSA key 7E7F28C4EFFD7721E0133ED490684042688CB9BE
gpg: Can't check signature: No public key